Hawaiian is a Polynesian member of the Austronesian language family. In Hawaiian, the language is called ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi, since adjectives follow nouns. However, by July 1823, they had begun using the phrase "Hawaiian Language." They still used such phrases as late as March 1822. Īmerican missionaries bound for Hawaiʻi used the phrases "Owhihe Language" and "Owhyhee language" in Boston prior to their departure in October 1819 and during their five-month voyage to Hawaiʻi. Putting the parts together, O-why-(h)ee reflects, a reasonable approximation of the native pronunciation. The spelling "hee" or "ee" in the name represents the sounds, or. The spelling "why" in the name reflects the pronunciation of wh in 18th-century English (still used in parts of the English-speaking world). Thus, in Hawaiian, the name of the island is expressed by saying O Hawaiʻi, which means " is Hawaiʻi." The Cook expedition also wrote "Otaheite" rather than "Tahiti." The initial "O" in the name is a reflection of the fact that Hawaiian predicates unique identity by using a copula form, o, immediately before a proper noun.
Explorers Mortimer (1791) and Otto von Kotzebue (1821) used that spelling. It is written "Oh-Why-hee" on the first map of Sandwich Islands engraved by Tobias Conrad Lotter in 1781. The island name was first written in English in 1778 by British explorer James Cook and his crew members. The Hawaiian language takes its name from the largest island in the Hawaiian state, Hawaii ( Hawaiʻi in the Hawaiian language).
Hawaiian and immigrant laborers as well as the white luna, or overseers, found a way to communicate amongst themselves. Born from the increase of immigrants from Japan, China, Puerto Rico, Korea, Portugal, Spain and the Philippines, the pidgin creole language was a necessity in the plantations. Some linguists, as well as many locals, argue that Hawaiian Pidgin is a dialect of American English. Ī creole language, Hawaiian Pidgin (or Hawaii Creole English, HCE), is more commonly spoken in Hawaiʻi than Hawaiian. However, the language is still classified as critically endangered by UNESCO. For example, the Hawaiian National Park Language Correction Act of 2000 changed the names of several national parks in Hawaiʻi, observing the Hawaiian spelling. The federal government has acknowledged this development. The first students to start in immersion preschool have now graduated from college and many are fluent Hawaiian speakers. Public Hawaiian-language immersion preschools called Pūnana Leo were established in 1984 other immersion schools followed soon after that. Nevertheless, from around 1949 to the present day, there has been a gradual increase in attention to and promotion of the language. Linguists were unsure if Hawaiian and other endangered languages would survive. In 2001, native speakers of Hawaiian amounted to less than 0.1% of the statewide population.
Hawaiian was essentially displaced by English on six of seven inhabited islands. King Kamehameha III established the first Hawaiian-language constitution in 18.įor various reasons, including territorial legislation establishing English as the official language in schools, the number of native speakers of Hawaiian gradually decreased during the period from the 1830s to the 1950s. Hawaiian, along with English, is an official language of the US state of Hawaii. Hawaiian ( ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi, pronounced ) is a Polynesian language of the Austronesian language family that takes its name from Hawaiʻi, the largest island in the tropical North Pacific archipelago where it developed. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. This article contains IPA phonetic symbols.
0 kommentar(er)
